1. Purpose of the experiment

1. Protect human health

Oil contains a variety of toxic substances, such as benzene and its derivatives, which pose a serious threat to human health. When oil leaks into the environment, especially into waters or soil, these toxic substances may enter the human body through the food chain, water sources or air, causing poisoning, disease or even death. Therefore, timely detection of oil leaks and taking measures to clean them up are important measures to protect human health.

2. Protect the ecological environment

Oil leaks cause huge damage to the ecological environment. In waters, oil will form an oil film, blocking the gas exchange between the atmosphere and the water body, causing water hypoxia and affecting the survival of aquatic organisms. At the same time, toxic substances in oil can cause direct harm to aquatic organisms and even cause biological death. On land, oil leaks can pollute the soil, affect vegetation growth, and destroy the ecological balance. Therefore, detecting oil leaks and dealing with them in a timely manner is a necessary means to protect the ecological environment and maintain ecological balance.

3. Reduce economic losses

Oil leaks not only cause damage to the environment and human health, but also bring huge economic losses. In the fishery, oil spills can cause fish death or quality degradation, reducing their economic value; in the tourism industry, polluted beaches and landscapes will lose their appeal, affecting the development of the tourism industry. In addition, the cleanup after an oil spill requires a lot of manpower, material and financial resources. Therefore, timely detection of oil spills and taking measures to prevent and deal with them can effectively reduce economic losses.

4. Improve energy transportation safety

Oil is one of the important energy sources in modern society, and its transportation safety is directly related to national energy security and economic development. Oil and gas pipelines are one of the main ways to transport oil, but pipeline leaks occur from time to time. By detecting oil leaks and dealing with them in a timely manner, the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines can be ensured, and the reliability and safety of energy transportation can be improved.

2. Experimental Equipment

Experimental test equipment list

3. Experimental Procedures and Data Analysis

1. Under the default sunlight, build an oil leakage scene, use engine oil to simulate the process, and use hyperspectral testing to see if the two can be distinguished.

2. The test process is as shown in the figure. Put a reflectivity calibration plate in this scene, pour engine oil into the water, and the oil slowly spreads and separates from the water. Use a camera to take pictures

3. Take a picture and open it with figstu

4. Original signal spectrum curve

5. Comparison of different regions

6. The original signal spectrum is distinguished. There are differences in the spectrum, but it is not obvious.

7. Next, we prepare clustering and exclude clutter images. We correct the reflectivity of the data and crop the image space.

8. The reflectivity spectrum curve is also obviously different

9. Next, use the unsupervised clustering function, the number of clusters is 4, and the number of iterations is 20. You can see that the division of different substances in space has a certain effect.

Unsupervised clustering function, 5 clusters, 30 iterations. Due to the continuous diffusion of the oil during the actual shooting process, the distribution position is very uneven. Some positions have thicker oil layers, while others have thinner ones. The clustering results are also different. However, it can be clearly distinguished. Note: There are also shadow positions in the picture. The white board blocks the sunlight, and the reflectivity difference is also relatively large. It is classified separately.

In short, hyperspectral cameras have unique advantages and broad application prospects in oil leak detection. With the continuous development of technology, hyperspectral cameras will play an increasingly important role in environmental protection, safe production and other fields.